在待客时中国与西方国家的差异的英语文章带翻译
Customs on eating
Food between China and Western countries are totally different styles. China has 5000 years history. We probably spend half of time on food. Chinese people choice food very carefully. They only use fresh material to make food. For example they only eat fresh fish. Chinese have a lot of ideas and techniques for cooking. We can cook a chicken in over ten ways. That’s why Chinese food is so popular in the world. Western country like English or American, they don’t have fresh food because they buy their food from supermarket which only sells stored materials. Western people would also prefer fast food like burgers and chips. They are unhealthy to human body. Western people do not have many skills for cooking, mostly they only boil, steam and bake the food. By the way, western people are very good at making desert and chocolate. They can make very good cake and chocolate. They are very sweet but it’s sort of food which make you become fat quickly.
In china if you invite people for meal, the person who invited other people would pay for the meal but it’s not the way in Western country. In western country people will think you only invited me but it’s not your responsibility to pay for me. I can afford it. They won’t be happy if you pay for them. People in China would always put dishes into customer’s plate to show their hospitality, but they will think it’s not healthy because your chopsticks have been used by you. In western coountry like America not England, people will always give tips to waiter after they finished meal in a restaurant. If you don’t they will not be happy because tips are one of their major income. In china this only happen in some top restaurants and hotels in large international cities like Beijing, Shanghai and Guangzhou. Western people will also think you are rude if you make sound during the meal. Western people do not hold their bowl up even when they have a bowl of soup.
There is also a huge difference between Chinese and Western people. Chinese people use chopsticks and western people use fork and knife. Usually people who use fork and knife will use fork to hold the meat and cut it by knife and use fork to help to get that piece of meat into mouse. Chinese just use chopstick to pick things and pass it into your mouse.
Chinese people only have three meals during a day. But western people will have more, they have afternoon tea. Usually they would have fruits, homemade cake, tea (black tea) or biscuit with cheese. If you are a housewife and have a lot of time, you may have morning tea as well.
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译文：
饮食习惯
中国和西方国家的饮食风格完全不一样。中国有五千年的历史。我们可能花了一半的时间在饮食上。中国人非常细心的选择饮食。他们仅选择新鲜的物料做食物。例如，他们只吃新鲜的鱼。在做饭上中国人有许多的想法和技巧。我们能用十多种方法做一只鸡，这就是中国食物在全世界如此出名的原因。西方国家像英国或美国，他们没有新鲜的食物因为他们只能从超市购买储藏的物品，西方人也喜欢快餐像汉堡包和炸土豆条。他们对人的身体是不健康的，在做食物上西方人没有太多的技巧。他们大多数仅用沸水煮、蒸汽和烘烤食物。随便说，西方人擅长做干燥的食物和巧克力。他们能做许多蛋糕和巧克力，除了其他几种以外他们喜欢甜食，很快的使他们肥胖
In modern society, there is no obvious difference in everyday's life .They are only used to doing something as their customns in daily life in different countries.I want to talk it in the following three parts.They are food, dressing and living styles.
在现代的社会，人们每天的生活没有明显的不同，他们只是习惯按他们的习俗做事情，我想谈论以下三点，食物，穿着和生活方式方面。
First , food.In China, we prefer noodles, rice , dumplings as the main course. But in England or other west countries, people like eating hamburgers, chips, pizza, as their main course.In China, we become full up when we finish all the food, then we don’t eat anything, but in west countries, people eat desserts after they finish their meals
首先，食物，在中国，我们喜欢把面条，大米和饺子当做主食，但是在英国和其他西方国家，人们喜欢吃汉堡包，薯条和披萨，把它们当做主食。在中国，我们吃完饭后，不吃任何其他东西，而西方国家，人们饭后还会吃甜点。
Second, dressing.In China, we prefer colorful clothes, we dress them in different places, some time many people don’t mind the places we will go, and dress more formal or less formal, and some people just wearing beautiful clothes, don’t make up; But in west countries, people dress according their visiting places, in daily times, they often wear casual clothes, but if they go to a formal places ,they often wear suits, ladies wearing beautiful dresses, pretty hats. No matter how old the ladies are, they always make up.
第二，穿着，在中国，我们喜欢彩色的衣服，我们在不同的地方穿。有时，人们不介意去哪里或穿多么正式的衣服，人们只是喜欢穿漂亮的衣服并且也不打扮，但是在西方，人们根据他们去的地方来打扮，在日常生活中，人们常穿普通衣服，但是如果他们去正式的地方，他们穿西服，女人们穿漂亮的衣服，戴可爱的帽子，不论多么老的女人，他们总会打扮。
Third, living styles.Chinese prefer getting up early and go to bed early too.We usually go home early and cook meals, then we eat and watch TV, then we go to bed. But in most west countries, people live in a easy and happy lives. They get up late and go to work late too.
第三，生活方式，中国人喜欢早起早睡，我们常常早早回家做饭，然后吃饭，睡觉，但是在大多数西方国家，人们生活在一中容易，开心的生活中，他们起床迟，上班也迟。
That's all that l know about it. Difference is also a specific character .
那就是我所知道的，不同也是一种个性。
希望对你有用。
东西方文化差异
Culture, according to the definition given by Hofstede, is the collective mental programming of the people in an environment, conditioned by the same education and life experience.Therefore, there are differences between various nations or regions, because people are affected by education, society and work experience.Take the cultural difference between the East and the West as the example, China is a country that endures high power distance while America endures lower power distance.Therefore, status symbol is very important for Chinese and a superior having the privilege is a matter of course. But people in America think that they are all equal.Besides, the westerns are individualistic while the easterners are more collectivistic.In individualistic societies, people focus on their own values and needs, relying on individual efforts to serve their interests. In the collectivistic nations, people combine themselves into one or several communities,
根据霍夫斯泰德对文化所下的定义，文化是在同一个环境中的人们所具有的“共同的心理程序”，是由相同的教育背景和生活经历所决定的。因此，各个不同的民族或地域之前会存在文化差异，因为其中的人会受到教育、社会和工作经验的影响。以东西方的文化差异为例，中国是一个崇尚大权力距离的国家，而美国是权力距离相对较小的国家。因此，地位象征对中国人来说尤为重要，认为上级所拥有的特权是理所当然的；而美国人则认为人与人之间是平等的。此外，西方人相对比较个人主义而东方人则更看重集体主义。在个人主义的社会中，人们重视自身的价值和需要，依靠个人的努力来为自己谋取利益，而在集体主义国家，人们把自己融入到一个或几个集体中，
finding their own place in the group and they mentally rely on the community, so harmony seems important in those nations.There are three main differences between the East and the West, namely uncertainty avoidance index, masculine versus femininity and long vs. short term orientation.
在这些集体中找到属于自己的位置，人们在精神上依赖于集体，因此，和谐在这些国家中显得尤为重要。在东西方文化中，还存在以下三个主要的文化差异，即不确定性规避、男性度与女性度以及长期取向与短期取向。
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