急需以下内容翻译！各位高手帮帮忙啊！中文翻译成英文！不要机译！先谢了！
Every master please help me!
chinese translate into English!
do not use translating machine!
Thank you!
Third, embedded operating system selection
When we design information appliances, medical equipment and other embedded digital products, the choice of critical embedded operating system. Generally speaking, the choice of embedded operating system, can be guided by the following principles. Overall, that is, "boosting or do subtraction."
(A) time-to-market
Timetable for the development of products with a choice of operating systems, the actual products and general presentation is different. Windows programmers may now is the most abundant human resources. The most readily available resources will be WinCE. Use WinCE will soon enter the market. Do because WinCE + X86 product is in fact doing subtraction, and you do not remove the function of the product quickly, but may be accompanied by high costs, the core competitiveness of the poor. And some highly efficient operating system because programmers may lack, or because of this technology accumulated enough, the impact of the development progress.
(B) portability
OS relevance. When embedded software development, portability is to focus on the issue. Transplantation of good software should be better, in different platforms, running on different systems, has nothing to do with the operating system. Universal software and the performance of software is usually contradictory. GM is a loss of certain specific circumstances at the expense of optimal performance. It is hard to imagine the development of an embedded browser and only in a specific application environment. Conversely, when the products and platforms and operating systems closely integrated, you often on the characteristics of the products contained one.
(C) use of resources
Product development is different from academic research, and it is fast, low-cost, high-quality suitable for the introduction of user needs for the purpose of the product. R & D focus on the characteristics of the product, other additional functions to the operating system or using third-party products, the operating system for the selection of available resources is an important reference conditions. Linux and WinCE have a lot of resources can be used, it is good they are an important reason. Because some other relatively closed real-time operating systems, development of resources to be used less, and therefore many functional needs its own independent development. Thus affecting the development progress. Recently the market demand that more and more embedded systems, are required to provide a full-featured Web browser. This requires a high-performance, highly reliable, GUI support.
(4) The ability to customize system
Information products different from the traditional structure of the Wintel PC's simple, user needs are vastly different, not the same hardware platform, the ability to customize the system set forth requirements. In order to analyze whether or not the products of the system there are changes to the underlying demand, which is accompanied by changes in product characteristics? Linux because of its open source code for the natural charm, has the ability to customize advantage. With the opening up of WinCE3.0 original code, and Microsoft in the embedded as the strengthening of the field, will be its ability to customize upgrade.
(5) Cost
All products cost to consider. The choice of operating system will have any impact on the cost? Free Linux, WinCE and other business systems need to pay licensing fees to use, but it is not the answer to the question. Comprehensive cost is the need to consider the balance after - the choice of a system may be a series of other factors have an impact, such as the selection of hardware equipment, and personnel input, as well as company management and with other partners to develop between communication and other areas affected.
(1) VxWorks
WindRiver VxWorks operating system companies in the United States in 1983 the design and development of an embedded real-time operating systems (RTOS), Tornado embedded development is a key component of the environment. Good sustainable development capacity, high-performance core and user-friendly development environment, in the embedded real-time operating system fields occupy a place gradually. VxWorks can be cut with micro-kernel structure; efficient task management; flexible mandate communication; microsecond interrupt handling; support POSIX 1003.1b real-time extensions to support multiple physical media and standards, and complete TCP / IP network protocols.
But its high price. The operating system itself is proprietary, as well as the development environment, a higher than normal price, and typically costs more than 100,000 yuan to set up a development environment available for general application to every other charge royalties. General unreasonable for the source code, binary code only. Because they are dedicated operating system, the need for specialized technical staff in the development of technology and maintenance, software development and maintenance costs are very high. A limited number of hardware support.
(B) Windows CE
Windows CE and Windows series better compatibility, Windows CE is a big advantage of the promotion. WinCE3.0 which is a capacity for small, mobile, intelligent, 32, understand the modular equipment for real-time embedded operating system. For the establishment for handheld devices, wireless devices dynamic applications and services provides a feature-rich operating system platforms, it can in a variety of processor architecture on the run, and usually applies to those who have some memory space restrictions equipment. It is from the limited resources for the overall design of the platform's multi-threading, complete priority, multi-task operating system. Its modular design allows it to the Pocket PC controller for industrial users customized electronic equipment. The basic core operating system needs at least 200 KB of ROM. As the volume of embedded products, the costs have more stringent requirements, processor space should be part of the small as possible. System Disk and the number of available memory to the limit, and embedded operating system running on the limited memory (usually in the ROM or flash memory), and therefore on the size of the operating system, and put forward a high efficiency requirements . From a technical standpoint, as an embedded operating system Windows CE has a lot of shortcomings: no open-source code, application developers to be very difficult to achieve product customization; efficiency, power consumption performance is not outstanding, and in Windows Like the occupation of the system memory, using procedures huge; copyright licensing fees to companies is taken into account.
(3) Embedded Linux
This is the embedded operating system a new member of its greatest feature of the source code is open and follow the GPL agreement, in the past year or so become a hotspot, according to IDG forecasts Embedded Linux will account for the next two years embedded operating system share of 50 per cent.
Because of its open source code, it can be modified to meet their applications, and Chaxi also very easy. Comply with the GPL, the need for the application of each pay permit fees. A large number of applications available. Most of them follow the GPL, the open source and free of charge. Little can be modified for the user's own system. A large number of outstanding free development tools, and follow the GPL is the open-source. A large group of developers. Without specialized personnel, as long as understood Unix / Linux and C language can be. With the popularity of Linux in China, more and more such talents. Therefore, software development and maintenance costs low. Excellent networking capabilities, which is particularly important in the Internet era. Stability - this is Linux itself have a great advantage. Jinghan core operation for less resources, and is very suitable for embedded applications.
The large number of hardware support. Embedded Linux, and there is no essential difference between ordinary Linux, PC hardware used on virtually all embedded Linux support. Various hardware and driver source code can be for users to prepare their own proprietary hardware drivers have a great convenience.
In the embedded Linux operating system is a shortcoming of the Linux system to provide real-time performance need to add real-time software modules. These modules run the operating system kernel space is the realization of scheduling strategy, the hardware interrupt abnormal and part of the implementation process. As a result of these real-time software module is the core of the operating room, coding errors could undermine the entire operating system thereby affecting the reliability of the system, which will be for real-time applications is a very serious weakness.
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....在线翻译的。。。。
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